Comparison Of The PMBOK With PRINCE2 Methodology †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Comparison Of The PMBOK With PRINCE2 Methodology. Answer: Introduction: Project managementgenerally refers to the practice for the purpose of initiating, planning, execution, controlling and closing of the work done by the team. This is done so as to achieve a certain goal which meets all the specifications in a certain interval of time (pundak, 2014). Whereas the project methodology generally refers to the five differentproject management phases or the process which mainly includes the define, plan, launch, manage, and lastly the close. Each of the phases is associated with addressing the specific aspects of managing a project that is from the define phase to the close phase (Kerzner Kerzner, 2017). This report mainly discusses about main project methodologies, comparison of the PMBOK with PRINCE2 methodology and lastly how PRICE2 is related to the PLC or project life cycle. Project Methodology Project management methodologies generally refers to the guiding process for those who are involved in the project (Pinto, 2015). This methodologies are generally used by the project managers for the purpose of employing their design, planning, implement and achieve the objectives of the project. Project methodology can be divided into many categories some of them are listed below: Agile: Scrum Waterfall RAD (rapid applications development) NPI (New Product Introduction) PRINCE2 Kanban Six Sigma DMAIC Outcome Mapping Role played by project methodology in project management: Project methodology mainly helps in controlling of the projectmanagement in different ways and this includes effective decision making and solving of the problems. Project methodology is also essential for the success of a specific process, approaches, techniques, methods, and technologies (Burke, 2013). It can be stated that project methodology provides the skeleton for the describing all the steps involved in the project management. This in turn would help the project managers to achieve success by implementing proper amount of effort according to the schedule, budget and the specification of the client. Comparison of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) with PRINCE2 methodology PMBOK or project management body of knowledge consists of users who find it this more significant framework for the management of contract, management of scope and other aspects that are possibly less robust than those of the PRINCE2 (Snyder, 2014). Despite of this there are many users of the PMBOK who are not happy about the way by which the system limits the process of decision making by the project managers (Matos Lopes, 2013). This initially makes it difficult for the handing over of the various aspects of the management to other parties and senior managers. By making use of the PMBOK it seems that the entire responsibility of the decision making, planning, problem solving, human resource and other process is given to the project managers PRINCE2 or Project in a Controlled environment is a project management program which is associated with much sharing of the functional and the financial authority with the senior management section not only with the project managers like that of PMBOK (Ghosh et al., 2012). This program is associated with focusing on giving aid to the project managers about overseeing the projects on behalf of the senior management section. A single standard approach is provided to management of the projects and due to this reason various Government as well as Global organizations choose this methodology. It is also very much easy to use providing the facility of learning in an easy way (Karaman Kurt, 2015). There are many users who thing that this methodology misses the importance of soft skills which should be one of the main focus of the project managers. PMBOK PRINCE2 Provides comprehensive information for all the aspects of project management This is associated with the practical project management methodology and is based on the 7 principles. It is driven by the requirements of the customers It is driven by the business case This is considered to be an knowledge based approach for project management This is an process based approach which defines the what, when, who and how through the 7 process of management Associated with describing the core practices and the wide range of techniques which can be applied for the purpose of managing a project This is associated with the 7 process of management which generally defines what is to be done, when and how it must be done and lastly by whom. There are two levels of certification and they are CAPM and PMP There are 3 levels of certification and they are namely foundation, practitioner and professional. Relation of PRINCE2 Methodology with Project Life Cycle PRICE2 is a project life cycle which is based upon the six major processes that is from beginning of a project to the completion of a project. The Planning and the Directing are the two continuous processes which is associated with supporting the other six processes. The starting of the PRINCE2 project life cycle dose not consist of the original needs, generation of solutions and feasibility studies. This means that they are considered as the inputs for the project life cycle or perhaps as a different projects (Lianying, Jing Xinxing, 2012). It is to be stated that PRINCE2 makes assumptions about the fact that the project is running within the context of the contract and no other activities are included within the context of the contract along with this it also does not include the activity within the method itself. Three main techniques are described by the PRICE2 and this includes the "Product Based Planning", "Quality Review" and "Change Control". Conclusion: The report helps in concluding to the fact that for the successfulness of the project there is an essential need of selecting the right project management methodology. For the purpose of selecting the right methodology there are number of factors which needs to be considered. There are strength and weakness of each methodology. All the methodologies are divide into mainly three parts and this includes the planning, implementation and analysis. References: Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Ghosh, S., Forrest, D., DiNetta, T., Wolfe, B., Lambert, D. C. (2012). Enhance PMBOK by comparing it with P2M, ICB, PRINCE2, APM and Scrum project management standards.PM World Today,14(1), 1-77. Karaman, E., Kurt, M. (2015). Comparison of project management methodologies: prince 2 versus PMBOK for it projects.Int. Journal of Applied Sciences and Engineering Research,4(5), 657-664. Kerzner, H., Kerzner, H. R. (2017).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Lianying, Z., Jing, H., Xinxing, Z. (2012). The project management maturity model and application based on PRINCE2.Procedia Engineering,29, 3691-3697. Matos, S., Lopes, E. (2013). Prince2 or PMBOKa question of choice.Procedia Technology,9, 787-794. Pinto, J. K. (2015).Project management: achieving competitive advantage. Prentice Hall. Snyder, C. S. (2014). A guide to the project management body of knowledge: PMBOK () guide.Project Management Institute: Newtown Square, PA, USA. pundak, M. (2014). Mixed agile/traditional project management methodologyreality or illusion?.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,119, 939-948.

Motor Vehicle Industry

Summary The motor vehicle industry mainly concerns itself with manufacturing and selling of motor vehicles and all the related parts to users. Motor vehicles have gradually continued to grow in their usefulness, influencing demand from the markets as users seek to gain from the additional features and technology that manufacturers introduce in their numerous designs and models.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Motor Vehicle Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At present, motor vehicles come with many added features that seek to address different areas of concern, including safety, security, and efficiency. The trend, however, has been reduced costs for acquisition of such improved vehicles as the industry targets to improve profits while maintaining lean costs. However, the industry experiences numerous challenges that threaten to derail the gains that have been achieved over the years. Motor vehicles m ainly depend on oil for their running, which is a challenge for the industry because global crude oil prices have been increasing almost on a daily basis (TheCapitol.Net 183). This makes it expensive to own and run a vehicle. The global financial crisis has further reduced the demand levels as more potential buyers and users have been electing to invest their money on other assets rather than buying vehicles. Changing customer tastes and preferences have equally been putting manufacturers on continuous strategy development and improvisation as efforts are pursued to beat competition and maintain profit levels. This case write-up seeks to illustrate some solutions that manufacturers have adopted in addressing the problems that afflict the industry. Firstly, the paper will explore on the changes in manufacturing strategy currently being witnessed, which includes the shift towards the developing economies in as far as locating manufacturing plants is located. Secondly, the paper will e xplore on the new changes in production systems that mainly aim at achieving efficiency and eliminating over dependence on oil. Lastly, the paper provides recommendations that vehicle manufacturer can adopt as a perfect way of tackling the challenges that they encounter in their activities. Strategic Analysis SWOT Analysis of the Industry Strengths The industry boasts of an expansive product line. Different manufacturers are dealing in varied brands, which enable the companies to spread their risks. Thus, poor performance affecting a particular brand may not necessarily affect an entire company (U.S. International Trade Commission xxxi).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With increased competition among the various manufactures, the industry has generally developed manufacturing competence to sustain the competition. This has increased the quality of the manufactured vehi cles and, thus, acted as a surety to the buyers that the products they buy are worth the value of their money. To further sustain the intense competition, players have improved on their research and development skills, as well as leadership. This has seen quality products being released to the market, and which match the expectations and needs of the customers accurately. The motor vehicle industry enjoys reputable brand names that have been in existence for many years. Such brand names are interpreted to mean high skills, long-term expertise, and reliable experience, which cannot be affected easily by changing market trends and patterns. Thus, more customers continue to have trust in the companies (U.S. International Trade Commission xxxii). Weaknesses Fast changing customer tastes have effectively made products to be obsolete and have narrow product lines. This makes it costly for the companies as they continuously engage in strategy formulation to achieve a perfect match between the products they manufacture and the market expectations. Costs of manufacturing have been increasing with expanded production owing to the rising cost of the raw materials. The industry relies on different raw materials for the production of motor vehicles, including aluminum, glass, and rubber. The prices of these materials have been increasing over time, thus equally increasing the cost of production for the industries that rely on such materials, like the motor vehicle manufacturing industry. Customer goodwill has been declining for industry players who fail to maintain positive performance. GM and Chrysler, for instance, are likely to have lost some level of customer goodwill in the wake of their bankruptcies following the biting global financial crisis. This has also contributed to their struggling performance even after the economy is on its recovery path. With the industry pursuing portfolio management as a strategy of keeping pace with the market and competition pressures, there is the danger of poor performance as a result of bad portfolio management. Companies are focusing on pursuing too many portfolios, which in turn posses the danger of losing focus and encountering losses.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Motor Vehicle Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Opportunities Motor vehicle manufacturers have the potential of expanding their core businesses to include other areas, such as motorcycle or ship engine manufacturing. This could help in increasing demand especially at a time when their core business demands are low. The industry has the potential of widening the product range as research and development activities lead to new products. This helps in spreading risk over a wider selection of products. Industry players have the potential of vertically integrating forward and backward, thus eliminating challenges and limitations of relying on suppliers and distribut ors. This increases efficiency and also lowers chances of experiencing unwarranted delays. The trend in the industry has been that of making acquisitions, particularly with the best performing companies buying out those facing difficulties. This helps the companies in achieving additional markets and thus increasing their chances of making huge profits. Threats There is growing competition, especially within the domestic market, as foreign manufacturers establish their operations in different countries. The foreign market is also experiencing high competition as manufacturers from different countries target the international market for their operations. Consumer tastes are gradually changing over very short periods. This is forcing manufacturers to endlessly engage in strategy planning and development, which is costly and time consuming. It also leads to losses due to delayed sales that occur as a result of the market not wishing to acquire vehicles they consider outdated. Barriers to market entry are also being lessened throughout the world as most countries enter into international market treaties. This forces them to lessen the entry protection mechanisms, thus providing foreign companies with an opportunity to exploit the markets. Changes in economic factors are affecting the industry’s demand, with the global recessions lowering market demands for motor vehicles. Such recessionary patterns push manufacturers into debts and also limit their production capacities. Nature of Problems Changing customer tastes Buyers of motor vehicles often base their purchase decisions on various aspects, which make up their tastes. These purchase decisions are not permanent and keep on changing with time (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 65). Because manufacturers have to make quick sales in order to achieve their desired profits, it is important that they study the market trends carefully and design vehicles that will accurately reflect on the customer demands and wis hes. This entails a lot of activity, including conducting market research and designing strategies to enable their products attract higher demands.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, with the short-lived customer tastes, it becomes difficult for the manufacturers to fully address them. Once the companies clear their research and design the vehicles to specifications, they realize the tastes have shifted. In essence, this causes their vehicles to stay for long as finished stock in the warehouses and on the floor shops without being purchased. In other instances, the prices are forced to be lowered in order to raise demand for such products. American motor vehicles manufacturers, mainly GM, Chrysler, and Ford, concentrated on the manufacture of sports utility vehicles, SUV, and light trucks because the local market preferred this type of vehicles. With the growth for these companies mainly relying on the sale of SUVs and light trucks, the market changed its taste and preferences as most buyers opted for the small passenger vehicles that were mainly manufactured by foreign companies. This decision was mainly informed by the fact that the SUVs consume a lot of fuel, which is not economically viable at a time when oil prices are increasing at alarming rates. This change of market preferences and consumer tastes has in particular been responsible for the slow recovery of the American leading manufacturers, especially GM and Chrysler (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 65). Global economic patterns Global economic patterns are highly fluctuating and are very difficult to be predicted accurately. This subjects the car manufacturing companies to highly risky business environment because any abrupt changes could affect their production and profit levels. Economic recessions, in particular, have negative effects to the operations of car manufacturers as they diminish the buying capability of users, thereby reducing on the market demand levels. As the overall market demand declines, companies are also forced to cut down on their production capacities in order to control the likelihood of running at losses. This involves cutting down jobs, closin g down on a number of manufacturing units, and borrowing funds from governments to assist in mitigating the crisis. With production having been at normal prior to the onset of such recessionary patterns, it means the finished vehicles already released to distributors and showrooms will take longer before being purchased. The longer these products remain at the shops the more the costs also increase. Eventually, this pushes the manufacturers into losses and makes it difficult for them to recover even after the recessionary periods recede and markets demands increase to normal. Rising cost of oil Global prices have a huge bearing on the purchase decisions that customers make in as far as their acquisition of motor vehicles is concerned. Thus, the ever rising global prices for the commodity has posed a challenge to the motor vehicle industry, especially given that many vehicle engines rely on oil to run. As a remedy to the challenge, industry players have constantly been engaging in re search to find alternative energy sources that can be able to power their vehicles. Such research findings have determined other viable alternatives, including the manufacture of hybrid vehicles that are set to lower the overdependence on oil as the main energy source. However, these researches are expensive for the car manufacturers as they require a lot of time and expertise. Equally challenging is the fact that vehicles running on a fuel cell require hydrogen that combines with oxygen in order to run. However, there are very few hydrogen stations, which make the alternative less viable. Liquid hydrogen can only be stored in very low temperatures, thus making this option further less attractive for the industry. A different alternative has been developed in which lithium ion batteries that are rechargeable are used to power vehicles. This alternative, too, faces its own drawbacks as the batteries can hardly retain their charge for significant durations. With these ventures being c omparatively expensive, these types of vehicles are expensive to acquire and would still discourage the buyers from purchasing them. Rising competition The motor vehicle industry and market has been experiencing increased competition from the varied players as the scramble for purchasers continue. In particular, most countries have reduced the entry barriers that previously locked out foreign companies from competing with their local manufacturers. In essence, more foreign companies have gained access to other national markets, including establishing manufacturing in such markets to maintain their production costs at minimum levels. Japan’s Toyota motor manufacturing company, for instance, has gained a foothold of the American domestic market following the company’s entry into the market. This has seen the company establish several manufacturing units within the USA to make their operations easier. The market share for the American companies, GM, Ford, and Chrysler, ha s particularly waned with the introduction of mainly Japanese and European manufacturing plants. Subsequently, the foreign manufacturers now enjoy a bigger market USA auto mobile market share, thus piling more challenges to the home companies. Control Systems Extending activities into the developing world Vehicle manufacturers have particularly embraced the idea of extending their operations into the developing world to address some of the challenges that continue to afflict the industry. The main reasoning behind such a move is to target the huge market in such countries, including China, India, Brazil, and Russia, which have high populations. The developing world, despite the fact that it also registered a decline in demand levels for motor vehicles during the global financial crisis, was not as worse of as the developed markets. Thus, the slight drop in demand levels has given hope to the manufacturers from the developed world that the markets can offer substantial ground for gro wth. In addition, the cost of operation in the developing world is also comparatively low. The huge population makes it easy to acquire labor at very cheap rates. This translates to high efficiency for the companies as they are able to save significant costs and thus improve on their profitability. Integrating advanced technology in manufacturing The industry is adopting the use of advanced technology in order to address the problem of overreliance on oil for running vehicle engines. The new technologies have seen the introduction and release of hybrid type of vehicles that use alternative sources of energy. The vehicles use batteries and hydrogen as an alternative to oil and can be recharged as the vehicles run on oil. New technologies have also seen companies achieve fast and reliable production capacities that do not delay the production cycle. This is significant for the companies because the finished vehicles take only few days between the start of manufacturing and the market release date. The technological advancements also aid the production of different product models using the same production plants and materials. Restructuring supply functions Most industry players are restructuring their supply departments to achieve high efficiency. Such restructure programs include spurning off the supply department such that it operates independently. This program achieves efficiency because the restructured supply organization cleanly understands the internal operations and production patterns of the main company. Production by order Motor vehicle manufacturers are attempting to tie their production to specific orders by the market rather that mass production of their products. This seeks to gain the automatic market demands while eliminating cases where vehicle products stay for long at the distributor and shop locations without being purchased. External Industry Environment Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Buyers’ bargaining power Buyers have a mod erate bargaining power. This is because the global population, which forms the industry’s market, is huge and provides a wider alternative for the manufacturers. There are also varied manufacturers who target the same global market with their varied products (Grant 112). Suppliers’ bargaining power The supplier bargaining power in the motor vehicle industry is also moderate. Most of the manufacturing companies are huge and have capacity to achieve forward integration. However, suppliers of other important material parts still enjoy some level of monopoly over the manufacturers. Barriers to market entry The level of market entry barriers is high. The motor vehicle industry relies on high capital amounts to set up operations. Equally, the market has more trust on brand names and customer loyalty, which a new company may find difficult to acquire and build over a short term. Rivalry and competition There level of rivalry and competition is intense. Different manufacturers are competing with each other in order to acquire significant market shares. This has seen manufacturers establish operation units in different regions of the world in order to achieve low production costs and market customization. Threat of substitute products The threat of substitute products in the industry is high. Many manufacturers are increasingly relying on market tastes and preferences to manufacture their products. Thus, different products from varying manufacturers resemble each other and could easily be picked by customers as a perfect substitute for their brands (Grant 115). Solutions and Recommendations The industry needs to spend more in the area of research and development. Although companies are sending more in this area, additional spending should be encouraged as a way of creating competitive advantages over competitors. As competition increases, companies can only develop their competitive edge by undertaking continuous research and development activities in ord er to keep up to date with the market expectations and preferences. Equally, technology is constantly changing and without maintaining pace with it, the companies may not be able to achieve the advantage of efficiency and high quality that comes with it. Having an elaborate research and development strategy will enable manufacturing companies to work on alternatives that may address effectively the challenges of over relying on oil fuel as the main source of power for motor vehicles. It will also come in handy in addressing the challenge of changing market preferences by exploring on other viable alternatives, such as pursuing special manufacture by market order. Production in some countries is too expensive and is not viable at all. Manufacturers, therefore, need to consider the cheap production countries in the world and relocate their production there to maintain minimal production costs. Production of motor vehicles in the USA, for example, is not viable because of the added cos ts that are involved. Companies need to pay high costs in maintaining their pension workers, which eventually increases the cost of production. Companies, such as the GM, Chrysler, or Ford, may consider transferring their labor intensive processes to such developing countries as China or India, which have considerably low labor rates. Other processes that require a lot of mechanization, such as vehicle assembly can remain in the USA owing to the country’s extensive industrialization. This will reduce the production costs significantly for the companies, and enable them sell their finished products at highly competitive prices. Companies should consider expanding their product portfolios in order to spread their risks and thus cushion themselves from such threats as bankruptcy. Even though the core business for a vehicle manufacturer involves designing and producing vehicles, relying too much on this one business can prove to be dangerous. Apart from introducing several motor vehicle brands under one manufacturer, players can consider exploring the manufacture of other closely related products, like motorcycles, power generators, or mechanized sawing machines. The market demand for such products is independent of each other and thus a manufacturer can be assured of a different market in case one product type struggles with poor market demands. The variety of products should be different but employ similar technology in order to make it easy for the company to enhance its performance in the other product areas. Works Cited Grant, Robert. Contemporary Strategy Analysis: Text Only. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2010. Print. TheCapitol.Net, Inc. Recession, Depression, Insolvency, Bankruptcy, and Federal Bailouts. Alexandria, VA: TheCapitol.Net, 2009. Print. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Career Guide to Industries, 2006-07. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labour, 2006. Print. U.S. International Trade Commission. Foundry Products: Competitive Conditions in the U.S. Market, Inv. 332-460. Washington, D.C.: U.S. International Trade Commission, 2005. Print. This case study on Motor Vehicle Industry was written and submitted by user Marley Beach to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Sample History Argument Essay - Write the Essay From Scratch

Sample History Argument Essay - Write the Essay From ScratchSo, you have decided to write a sample history argument essay. You have done a little research, have got a few sample cases that can be used, and have given yourself some time to write the essay. Now you need to take it one step further and make your own history argument essay.I cannot stress this enough, you must write the essay completely from scratch with your own research material. Remember, this is an argument essay, not a collection of data and facts. You are not going to use this article as an encyclopedia, but rather as an essay. The fact is, if your essay is sloppy or makes no sense, no one will remember you for your example case.Do not forget to use your own experience in your writing, as your knowledge about the specific case can be more valuable than what your personal opinion may be. To make sure you don't overuse your own experience, make sure you don't use any paraphrased information, as you need to explain it properly.Try and avoid using any 'e-mails' that you find in case histories, and make sure that you have your own research material available to you. If you use e-mails as a source, it will take away from your case and will actually harm your writing.One of the best ways to ensure that your essay is solid and persuasive is to make use of the information that you have gathered from your research. Try and make it very clear why your opinion is the right one, and why you are the person that should be given credit for your opinion.Finally, always try and break your essay down into smaller parts, so that when you review it you can analyze the argument in more detail. This will help you to take the essay a step further and make sure you have a full understanding of your own argument before you turn it in.Remember, writing a history argument essay is not a big deal, so long as you do it right. It will not only be well received by your peers, but also to impress potential employers that wil l be reading it.

Edwards Surname Meaning, Origin and Family History

Edwards Surname Meaning, Origin and Family History Edwards is a patronymic surname meaning son of Edward. It derives from the early medieval English given name, Edward, meaning prosperous guardian, from the Old English Eadward, composed of the elements ead, meaning prosperity or fortune, and w(e)ard, meaning guard. Edwards is the 53rd most popular surname in the United States and the 17th most common surname in England. Surname Origin:  EnglishAlternate Surname Spellings:  EDWARDES, EDWARDSON, EDWARD, EDWART Famous People With the EDWARDS Surname Jonathan Edwards: Protestant  Theologian, Philosopher, Journalist, Educator, ScholarGareth Edwards: Welsh rugby playerBlake Edwards:  American film director, producer and screenwriterTeresa Edwards: American basketball player; Olympic medalistRobert Alan Bob Edwards:  American author, radio journalist and host  Clement Edwards:  Welsh lawyer, journalist, trade union activist and Liberal politicianPierpont Edwards: American lawyer, judge and delegate to the American Continental Congress Where Is the EDWARDS Surname Most Commonly Found? According to surname distribution data from Forebears, Edwards is the 800th most common surname in the world. It is especially prevalent in the United States, where it ranks 51st, as well as England (21st), Australia (26th), Wales (14th), Trinidad and Tobago (18th), Jamaica (14th) and New Zealand (23rd). Within England it is most common in Shropshire, where it is the 5th most frequent surname. It is also the 7th most common surname in both Flintshire and Denbighshire, Wales. Ellis is found most frequently in Wales, according to WorldNames PublicProfiler, followed by Australia, New Zealand and the United States. Genealogy Resources for the Surname EDWARDS Edwards Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Edwards surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Edwards query.FamilySearch - EDWARDS  Genealogy: Explore over 7.6  million  historical records which mention individuals with the Edwards surname, as well as online Edwards family trees on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.GeneaNet - Edwards  Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Edwards  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. Resources and Further Reading Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

The Multivariate of family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Multivariate of family - Essay Example Though some things are natural for people, Santorum restricts any variations, which may occur as the society develops, and expands its norms and traditions to adjust to the changing nature of human relations. Human beings develop certain connections and ties that help them function effectively with regard to their daily duties and responsibilities. I would say that society is built on the rules and norms, as well as freedoms and liberties. In this case, rules serve to restrict freedoms to the extent that prevents violence, reduces risk of anarchy, and regulates different types of relations, including those between family members, colleagues, officials, or laws enforcement units. â€Å"When liberals think about society, they see only â€Å"individuals† – not men and women and children† (Santorum 129). The fact that individuals act in a specific way, which does not differ greatly from what the society considers normal, it goes as something natural regardless of the gender, age, or social position. When individuals within the social framework need some retreat from the natural laws and it does not contradict the social norm greatly, it may serve on the same basis as eve rything that have been established for effective functioning of society. When individuals go to work and receive wages, this is treated as normal, whereas any deviation from this norm results in strikes and demonstrations of social protest. The same happens when people enjoy certain rights and freedoms on a daily basis, not wanting to refuse from those freedoms for the sake of natural vision. According to Santorum, the society that has other formula for the family than the one that is based on a heterosexual relations of a man and a woman, should be treated as â€Å"a false vision, because nature is nature, and the freedom to choose against the natural law is not really freedom at

Commissioner Of Internal Revenue Research Paper

Commissioner Of Internal Revenue - Research Paper Example Conducting the event in a tournament setting did not transform the poker activity into something other than wagering. Further, the act of betting is intrinsic to poker, regardless of whether it occurs in tournament poker or "live action" poker. Finally, the taxpayer's argument that tournament poker should be treated the same way as sports such as golf or tennis was rejected. Congress's decision to draw clear distinctions can mainly be viewed as a reasonable form of setting out the distinction without violating due process or equal protection. At trial, petitioners concurred that Mr. Tschetschot was not a professional gambler but argued that Mrs. Tschetschots professional tournament poker playing is not gambling and thus not subject to the limitations of section 165(d) on losses from gambling. The Internal Revenue Code (IRC), as cited fromen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Code is the domestic portion of federal statutory tax law in the United States, published in various volumes of the United States Statutes at Large, and separately as Title 26 of the United States Code (USC).It is organized topically, into subtitles and sections, covering various types of taxes as well as procedure and administration. Its implementing agency is the Internal Revenue Service. In reference to the Black’s law dictionary, gaming is defined as the act or practice of playing games for stakes or wagers; gambling; the playing at any game of hazard (re Stewart (D. C.) 21 Fed. 398). (2) An agreement between two or more persons to play together at a game of chance for a stake or wager which is to become the property of the winner, and to which all contribute(People v.Todd, 51 Hun, 440, 4 N. Y. Supp. 25;)

Lawyer Ed Masry on a referral Essay Example for Free

Lawyer Ed Masry on a referral Essay Erin Brockovich is a true American hero who’s icon status and â€Å"stick-to-it-iveness† only fuels her determination to expose injustice and lend her voice to those who do not have one. Erin Brockovich is a single mother, unemployed, struggling to make ends meet in a world not particularly kind to single moms. After a car accident leads her to seek legal redress, she meets lawyer Ed Masry on a referral. When he loses her lawsuit, she shows up at his office, demanding a job, barely hiding her desperation. Intimidated, Ed gives her one. By pursuing her own curiosity she brings on a difficult and huge case about PGE. PGE’s desire to increase its profits was so big that they didn’t even care about their neighbors’ health or security. In a world where heroes are often in short supply, the story of Erin Brockovich is an inspirational reminder of the power of the human spirit. Her passion, tenacity and steadfast desire to fight for the rights of the underdog defied the odds. Her victory made even more sweet by the fact that while helping others, she in turn helped herself. This story is not just a triumph of the little guy over the big nasty corporation, its the journey of one woman down the path of self-discovery as well. If only the world had more â€Å"Erin Brockoviches† in it, perhaps there would be more honesty in it. Profile of an extraordinary woman â€Å"She brought a small town to its feet and a huge corporation to its knees.† After watching the movie I realized that Erins public self was pretty much the same as her private self: she treated Ed, her boss in the same manner as she treated George, her boyfriend. Erin didnt take crap from anybody but at times she did let her aggressions take over. Most of the time these hostilities would lead her in contempt, but in the long run usually worked out for the best. It was a good way to get her point across at times but from my perspective she could have approached some of these situations a little differently, for example the night Erin met George she could have asked him nicely to be quiet instead of chewing him out angrily, even after he tried repeatedly to apologize to her. She is aggressive and she loses her temper easily. Another example of this is point where Ed takes on a partner for advice and help with costs on the PGE cases and when Erin walks in and finds out, she immediately feels offended and flies off the handle when she could have used a pillow method so to speak, to look at the situation from Eds point of view and realize that taking on this partner was in the best interests of the case. Incensed by what she has found, Erin begins a crusade to make Pacific Gas Electric accountable for the illness and death that they have caused. Driven by her own persistence and desire to seek justice for the townspeople, Erin goes door to door to sign up over 600 plaintiffs for a direct-action lawsuit against PGE. However, not everyone shares Erins enthusiasm to see justice done with PGE being the largest employer in the area, Erin finds a number of townspeople leery of rocking the boat. Nonetheless, Erins persistence and the personal interest she takes in their lives makes them listen. She is one of them. A kindred spirit and her ability to connect with them on their level makes them comfortable, ultimately earning their trust. She thrives on being the voice for those who don’t know how to yell. Along with trust and honesty comes respect. When a person is trusted and shown to be honest, that person is respected for those reasons. Erin experiences respect of her for the first time with the community of Hinkley. Once she knows how it feels to be respected, she realizes how valuable that asset can be: â€Å"For the first time in my life, I’ve got people respecting me. When I walk into a room, people shut up to see if I have anything to say. I never had that before. Please, don’t ask me to give that up.† Erin was also respected for her compassion and selflessness. She genuinely cared about every single victim of P.G. E.’s lie. She proved this fact when Theresa said Erin’s files needed some holes filled in and Erin recited from memory all the information Theresa wanted and more. Someone who doesn’t have compassion and caring for the townspeople of Hinkley would not have been able to do that. When Erin is hired there is some internal grumbling at the law firm, as a number of Erins co-workers resent her outspoken personality and questionable style of dress. She talks in a non-polite way, she always goes straight to her point and she is not afraid of saying what’s in her mind, she is brutally honest: â€Å"Thats all you got, lady. Two wrong feet and ugly shoes!† She also loves ironies: â€Å"I just went out there and performed sexual favors†. Erin is always able to get the evidences she needs by using the means she has, she is extremely confident.